The Great Temple
The Siq, a narrow canyon winding through towering sandstone cliffs, culminates dramatically in the breathtaking facade of Al-Khazneh, Petra's most iconic monument.
What to expect
Emerging from the Siq, you are immediately confronted by the Treasury (Al-Khazneh), a monumental Nabataean tomb carved directly into the rose-red cliff face. Its intricate Hellenistic-inspired facade, standing approximately 40 meters high, is exceptionally well-preserved. While the exterior is the primary draw, you can peer into the dark interior, which is largely unadorned and believed to have held the tomb of a Nabataean king. Expect crowds, especially during peak hours and seasons, as this is the most photographed and visited site in Petra.
History & significance
The Great Temple, or Al-Khazneh, is widely believed to have been constructed in the 1st century CE by the Nabataeans, an ancient Arab people who controlled the incense trade routes. Its exact purpose is debated; theories range from a royal tomb for King Aretas IV to a temple or a treasury. The name "Treasury" is a misnomer, stemming from local Bedouin legends that pirates or pharaohs hid treasure within the urn atop the facade. Its architectural style, a blend of Nabataean craftsmanship and Hellenistic influences, showcases the Nabataeans' sophisticated understanding of engineering and their engagement with the wider ancient world.
Practical tips
- Best time to visit: Early morning or late afternoon offers the best light for photography and fewer crowds. Remember the sun can be intense; wear a hat and sunscreen.
- Photography: The main viewpoint, a short trek up a rocky path opposite the Treasury, offers unparalleled panoramic views. Be prepared for a moderate climb.
- Respect: This is a UNESCO World Heritage site. Do not climb on the monument or remove any artifacts. Be mindful of local customs.
- Refreshments: Vendors are usually present near the Treasury selling water and snacks. However, it's advisable to carry your own water, especially during warmer months.
Getting there
Al-Khazneh is located within the ancient city of Petra. Access is primarily on foot through the Siq, a pedestrian-only pathway. The entrance to Petra is near the town of Wadi Musa. There is a visitor center at the entrance where you can purchase tickets and obtain maps. Horse-drawn carriages are available for hire to traverse the Siq, though walking is highly recommended to fully appreciate the journey.
Nearby
Beyond the Treasury, the ancient city of Petra unfolds with numerous other remarkable sites. Continue through the Outer Siq to discover the Street of Facades, the Roman Theater, and the Royal Tombs. For the more adventurous, the Al-Deir (Monastery) is a challenging but rewarding hike with an equally impressive facade. Several viewpoints offer stunning vistas of the surrounding desert landscape and the ancient city.